• liver x receptor ATM is required for the

  2025-01-27

  

  ATM is required for the proper function of the DNA-repair pathway in response to bleomycin-induced DNA damage in mammalian cells [55], [56]. Recent reports suggest that ATM activation by double-strand breaks leads to the subsequent ATR activation [57], [58], [59]. The recruitment of ATR to double-st

• Apoptosis signal regulating kinase ASK also referred

  2025-01-27

  

  Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1, also referred to as MAP3K5)(Ichijo et al., 1997) participates in many different stress responses, including apoptosis (Chang et al., 1998, Chen et al., 1999, Ichijo et al., 1997, Kanamoto et al., 2000, Noguchi et al., 2008, Saitoh et al., 1998, Tobiume et

• Since immunoassays cannot specifically quantify each apelin

  2025-01-27

  

  Since immunoassays cannot specifically quantify each apelin peptide, a more reliable approach, mass spectrometry (MS) has been used recently to quantify and characterize apelin fragments in plasma. Using this technology, Zhen et al. showed that [Pyr-1]-apelin-13 was the major apelin form present in

• br Material and methods br Results br Discussion

  2025-01-27

  

  Material and methods Results Discussion Didox was originally created asa cytostatic drug to inhibit cancer cell proliferation by antagonizing RNR [11]. When used to target highly proliferative cells, Didox has extensive activity in vitro and in vivo. It has also been employed in clinical st

• Finally the comparison between data obtained by antioxidant

  2025-01-27

  

  Finally, the comparison between data obtained by antioxidant assays in in vitro cultured cells [11], [12] and in liposomes has disclosed the possibility to choose more confidently “the better phenolipid” of a series of fatty acids esters antioxidant derivatives. Looking at the physical parameters th

• Introduction Antimicrobial resistance is a growing health th

  2025-01-27

  

  Introduction Antimicrobial resistance is a growing health threat worldwide that has been associated with incorrect prescription and overuse of DMOG [1]. Considering that physicians play a central role in antibiotic usage, a better understanding of their prescribing behaviours and their knowledge o

• Introduction Antimicrobial resistance is a growing health th

  2025-01-27

  

  Introduction Antimicrobial resistance is a growing health threat worldwide that has been associated with incorrect prescription and overuse of NS 1738 [1]. Considering that physicians play a central role in antibiotic usage, a better understanding of their prescribing behaviours and their knowledg

• The first evidence in supporting

  2025-01-27

  

  The first evidence in supporting the hypothesis that MAS receptors mediate the effects elicited by AT1 antagonists was provided by Iwai et al. (2012). The authors found that AT1 receptors triggers neointima formation after polyethylene-cuff placement around mouse femoral artery by reducing local ACE

• The current study was designed to investigate the effects of

  2025-01-27

  

  The current study was designed to investigate the effects of the 12/15-LOX inhibitor, LOXBlock-1 (LB1) in mice using a FeCl3-induced distal MCAO model, and to test its utility in conjunction with subsequent thrombolysis with tPA, which is to date the only FDA-approved drug for acute stroke treatment

• Microbe derived ligands can also activate AHR

  2025-01-26

  

  Microbe-derived ligands can also activate AHR. Malassezia, a commensal yeast in human skin, can metabolize tryptophan into several AHR activating compounds including FICZ and ICZ [59]. Lactobacillus converts tryptophan into indole-3-aldehyde (IAld), which can activate AHR and promote IL-22 productio

• br Author contributions br Acknowledgements We thank

  2025-01-26

  

  Author contributions Acknowledgements We thank Dr. Bob Hammer and the Transgenic Core Facility at UTSW for the generation of the transgenic lines, John Shelton and the Histology Core for assistance with histology and the UTSW Metabolic Core Unit for help in phenotyping. We acknowledge support

• We have previously reported alterations

  2025-01-26

  

  We have previously reported alterations of the thymus in AChR-MG patients, especially in their germinal center SR 59230A hydrochloride (defined as CD19+CD38+ cells by flow cytometric analysis). First, we found that, in MG thymi, this subset failed to show the normal down-regulation of Bcl-2, suggest

• br Autophagy and antiviral innate immunity

  2025-01-26

  

  Autophagy and antiviral innate immunity signaling Viral manipulation of autophagy interfering with IFN-I synthesis We have seen that autophagy factors can down-regulate the production of IFN-I induced by RLR engagement during viral infection. In fibroblasts and epithelial cells, there exists c

• However there are studies revealing the dark side

  2025-01-26

  

  However, there are studies revealing the “dark side” of autophagy at later stages in cancers, when oncogenes (mainly K-ras and B-raf) are activated and/or tumour suppressors such as PTEN and p53 are inactivated. These studies are based on the use of GEMM and deletions of essential autophagy genes (A

• br Results br Discussion Both ATM and

  2025-01-26

  

  Results Discussion Both ATM and ATR are key regulators of the cellular response to DSBs, yet how exactly they function in concert is not well understood. Recent studies revealed that ATM is required for the resection of DSBs (Jazayeri et al., 2006, Myers and Cortez, 2006), a process necessary

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